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Knowledge base. Themes

Crypto Basics

Learn Crypto explains the basics of cryptocurrency with a series of articles that are simple, relevant and engaging. A beginners guide to crypto basics.

12 min read
What is cryptocurrency?
Learn what cryptocurrency is, what you can do with it & why it has value. Learn about Bitcoin & sound money.
10 min read
Bitcoin, scarcity & trust in money
Learn why scarcity and trust are crucial to money having value; discover why modern money isn’t scarce and how Bitcoin is.
10 min read
How Bitcoin works
Learn how Bitcoin achieves sound money and trust, through a combination of cryptography and economic incentive. Find out what bitcoin mining is, and how it works,
10 min read
Bitcoin's limitations
Learn how Bitcoin's design compromises speed for decentralisation creating limitations on low value transactions. Find out how layer two solutions can solve this issue.
9 min read
What is Ethereum
What does Ethereum do, how it differs from Bitcoin & the new crypto economies it has enabled.
9 min read
What is a Blockchain
What are the unique characteristics of a blockchain? What are the problems they solve & how do they do it?
7 min read
What Are Decentralised Crypto Exchanges? DEX Explained
Learn about a decentralised exchange (DEX) and how it works, the advantages and disadvantages over a centralised exchange (CEX) and why DEXs are important
10 min read
Measuring crypto adoption
If crypto is so great how can you measure its success? Learn the key metrics for measuring crypto usage and adoption along a framework for assessing them.
8 min read
What are Tokenomics?
Learn the standard set of metrics that Tokenomics uses to interpret cryptocurrency supply schedules and coin distribution to help determine value.
8 min read
Crypto's new frontiers
What is the next big thing in crypto? Discover the new crypto economies that are emerging & how they might impact your life.
8 min read
What are token standards?
What role do token standards play in offering value different cryptocurrencies? And how has this concept been used even before cryptocurrency was around?
10 min read
A fork in the road
Learn what a ‘fork’ is; how they occur when people disagree about the ways to develop and improve cryptocurrencies.
9 min read
Building on top of Bitcoin
Learn how building a second layer on top of Bitcoin is the key to its use for everyday money. Find out how layer two solutions like the Lightning Network function.
9 min read
What is a Stablecoin?
Learn what a Stablecoin is, the problem they solve & how governments are now trying to create their own versions.
8 min read
AMM Explained: Automated Market Makers & How They Work
Learn about automated market makers or AMMs that let you trade crypto without intermediaries, combining Smart Contracts and incentives for liquidity provision.
7 min read
What Are Wrapped Crypto Tokens?
Learn about wrapped crypto tokens and how they work, and the risks associated with using them.
7 min read
What Is POAP? Proof of Attendance Protocol Explained
If scrapbooks are a way to conserve a lifetime of memories, then POAP, or Proof of Attendance Protocol, can be seen as a new way of digitally recording a person’s experiences. Learn about POAP and POAP NFTs, how they work, how you can get some and why you should.
6 min read
What is Layer 2 and how does it work?
What is Layer 2 in crypto, why is it important to Bitcoin and Ethereum? Learn about how Layer 2 tackles Layer 1 crypto's scalability concerns.
8 min read
What are Bitcoin Ordinals? Bitcoin NFTs Explained
A new idea is taking Bitcoin by storm. Introduced in January 2023, these ‘digital artefacts’ resemble Ethereum NFTs at first glance. Because of several key differences from NFTs and instant popularity, Bitcoin Ordinals might be the first sign of the next Bitcoin bull market.
8 min read
What are Wrapped Tokens & how do they work?
Learn about wrapped Bitcoin, why it has a very similar but not identical value to Bitcoin, and why the concept of tokenisation so important.
9 min read
What are Blockchain Bridges & how do they work?
Learn about Block Bridges, what role they play in the crypto data storage, and why they're important.
8 min read
What is an Oracle in Blockchain?
Learn about oracles in crypto, how they work, oracle smart contract applications and the blockchain oracle problem.
8 min read
What are Soulbound Tokens? SBT explained
Learn what soulbound tokens SBT are, the concept of soul in crypto, web3, and decentralised society, and the possible uses of soulbound tokens.
Explore theme

How to use crypto

When it comes to using crypto, sometimes it sounds like people are speaking another language—we're here to decode it for you.

9 min read
What are Smart Contracts?
Discover the world of Smart Contracts, how they work, their benefits and drawbacks and how they can shape the future.
9 min read
Sending & Receiving Crypto
Learn how to set up a crypto wallet & the process for sending/receiving crypto.
11 min read
Where you buy crypto
An introduction to crypto exchanges & how crypto is bought and sold.
10 min read
How to buy crypto
Walking through the process of buying crypto for the first time.
11 min read
Selling & Converting Crypto
Walking through the process of selling crypto for fiat, or converting to another cryptocurrency.
0 min read
Security best practice
Understanding the responsibilities and risks of owning crypto. Learn the best practices for crypto security.
10 min read
How & where to spend crypto
Discover where you can spend your crypto. Understand the process for buying goods and services with crypto and how to get a crypto backed debit or credit card.
9 min read
Crypto banking - Get started with CEFI
Introduction to crypto banking & CEFI. How to earn interest on your crypto or take out a crypto loan.
7 min read
What are the Risks of buying NFTs?
Learn about the legal and security risks of buying NFTs, and the pros and cons to owning them.
6 min read
What is an NFT Marketplace?
NFT marketplaces work like any other online marketplaces with the distinction that only NFTs are being traded there.
0 min read
How Do I Make My Own NFT?
Learn to make NFTs to sell for profit. Forget forking out cash to buy NFTs. Learn the best sites to mint art NFTs, music NFTs, and the best wallets to store NFTs.
6 min read
How to Protect Your Artwork From NFT Theft
With billions of dollars coursing through NFT markets, NFT theft of millions are also on the rise. Learn how to protect your artwork from NFT theft.
6 min read
What is Web3? Understanding how the decentralised web could replace Web2
Web3, which encourages decentralised systems and which pushes for less reliance on giant monopolies, could change the way we interact online. Learn how.
6 min read
Avatars in the Metaverse
From Mark Zuckerberg and Biggie Smalls to corporate branding opportunities, realistic Metaverse avatars can be hypnotic.
8 min read
CeFi vs DeFi: A Centralised and Decentralised Finance Comparison
The world of finance and banking is torn between traditional systems based on intermediaries and a new, trustless system based on code. Both are used in crypto but can DeFi knock out CeFi?
5 min read
What is a seed phrase? Why recovery phrases are secure
Seed phrases seem deceptively simple and yet are a highly secure way to recover a crypto wallet. Learn what it is, how it works, and why it's so secure.
9 min read
A Beginner's Guide to Utility NFTs: What are they, how they work, and real-life examples
NFTs are more than just memes; utility NFTs include the right to access a particular service or obtain a particular product.
0 min read
Beyond Collectibles and Gaming: How Will NFTs Look Like in the Future?
As NFT popularity improves and profitability rises, Learn Crypto explores the future of NFTs. From art and gaming to real estate, to metaverse and Web3
10 min read
A guide to paying tax on crypto
A guide to crypto taxation, looking at general guidelines & country-by-country crypto taxation rules.
8 min read
How to use crypto tax services
How to use crypto tax services to help minimise the pain of accurately measuring potential tax liabilities from your crypto activities.
10 min read
Security, Wallets & Keys
Learn how to store crypto securely and understand wallets & private keys.
13 min read
What is Multi-signature? Multi-sig Wallets in Crypto Explained
The technology applied in 2012 to Bitcoin addresses led to the creation of multi-sig wallets one year later. The technology is centered around using two or more private keys to perform tasks, adding an extra layer of security.
6 min read
What are crypto masternodes?
A masternode goes beyond the capability of a regular node. Masternodes came to the scene with the Dash protocol in 2014 and a system known as Proof-of-Service (PoSe). These nodes do not create new blocks, but they verify them instead, along with governance, regulatory and special management roles assigned to them.
10 min read
Exploring Transactions
Explore the anatomy of a Bitcoin transaction; understand exactly what information it contains & its relevance.
11 min read
Getting started with DEFI
Learn how to use DEFI platforms to generate active yields from your crypto. Understand the potential rewards as well as the risks involved.
8 min read
DeFi Tax 101: Everything You Need to Know about Tax on DeFi
Regulators have been setting out firm rules on taxing DeFi services. Taxes differ depending on where you live, but we'll provide a general overview here.
17 min read
Arbitrum v Optimism v zkSync v Polygon?
Layer 2 scaling solutions were created to tackle Ethereum's main issues; which one does it best?
15 min read
Beyond Lightning Bitcoin Layer 2 Mintlayer and Rootstock
Introducing two Layer 2 scaling solutions, Mintlayer and Rootstock, that present a link between Bitcoin and DeFi
16 min read
CeFi vs DeFi: Assets and Crypto Assets
From classic assets to crypto, learn how decentralised and traditional finance (DeFi and CeFi) intersect in the realm of assets.
10 min read
Explaining Dynamic NFTs: A look into the dynamic future
A description of a new generation of NFTs that provide more interactivity and use cases, along with a static vs dynamic NFT comparison.
7 min read
Explaining the economics of Ethereum Layer 2 solutions
Aside from the innovative technology, the viability of Layer 2 solutions is also made of their economic model. Layer 2 solutions are made of two components – the intrinsic value and the monetary premium. We can analyse it relation to several economic theories - substitutes and complements, Moore's law and network effects.
10 min read
A guide to hybrid smart contracts
A hybrid smart contract presents an enhanced version of smart contract technology that combines on-chain infrastructure with off-chain computation and data provided by decentralised oracle networks (DONs). The main feature of hybrid smart contracts is to increase the automation of legal agreements.
11 min read
Your crypto footprint
Learn more about the transparency of public blockchains & the implications of using crypto. Learn the difference between anonymous and pseudonymous.
13 min read
How to use DEFI lending protocols
Understand what a Smart Contract is & how you interact with one. Learn about using Smart Contracts in DEFI.
9 min read
How do I make a DAO? Creating a Decentralised Autonomous Organisation
Learn how to form a DAO in a few easy steps, including tokens and treasury. Know its components, tools for quick setup, and legal considerations.
15 min read
What are Algorithmic Stablecoins? The Economics of Algorithmic Stablecoins
Explaining how algorithmic stablecoins functions in terms of economics
13 min read
CeFi vs DeFi: Basics of Investing
See the difference between DeFi and CeFi in terms of investing activities, and how they complement each other.
12 min read
How to write a crypto white paper?
A white paper refers to a report that explains a certain topic or issue to its target readers. A crypto white paper sums up all the relevant information on a crypto project. Many crypto regulations require crypto projects to produce a white paper.
12 min read
How to use the Lightning Network
Step-by-step guide for how to use the Lightning Network. Learn how to set up a wallet, create and fund payment channels, generate & pay lightning invoices.
13 min read
How to run a node
Learn how to actively support a blockchain by running a node. Follow an example for how to run a Bitcoin Node and the software/hardware requirements.
Explore theme

How to trade crypto

Want to know how to trade crypto? Discover why so many people want to learn crypto trading, understand the risks involved, and the different potential approaches.

9 min read
What is cryptocurrency trading?
Learn what cryptocurrency trading involves & the concept of risk. Understand the difference between Technical & Fundamental Analysis and the level of commitment required.
10 min read
Where do crypto prices come from?
Learn how exchanges work, how price is formed, the idea of price discovery & the influence of volatility.
11 min read
What are crypto price charts?
Understand the information crypto price charts provide & how to interpret it. Learn about Candlesticks.
9 min read
What is Fundamental Analysis?
Understand what Fundamental Analysis is, how it relates to investing rather than trading; Learn some common approaches.
11 min read
Simple trading strategies
Learn about the simple trading strategies suitable for beginners, including Dollar Cost Averaging aka DCA.
8 min read
What are the risks of using a decentralised exchange (DEX) vs a centralised exchange (CEX)?
7 min read
Safe Haven Assets: Trading on Gold, Bonds and Crypto
Looking for safe haven assets that aren’t as difficult to get as gold, bonds, and foreign currencies? Here’s why crypto could be the new safe haven asset.
8 min read
Common crypto trading pairs explained
A crypto trading pair refers to a duo of crypto assets that can be swapped for one another. For example, if you aim to exchange Bitcoin (BTC) for Ethereum (ETH), you are engaging in a BTC/ETH trading pair. BTC presents the base currency while ETH is the quote currency.
8 min read
How to place a trade?
Understand the process for placing your first trade and the trade-off between simplicity, precision and commission.
10 min read
What is a bear flag pattern in crypto trading?
The bear flag pattern refers to a technical analysis chart pattern that appears during the times when a market is trending downwards. This chart pattern represents a small pause in the downward trend before the continuation of the bear phase.
12 min read
Understanding crypto trading volume
Learn what the volume of trading can tell you about crypto price. Find out about some of the popular volume based technical indicators.
12 min read
What is Technical Analysis?
Understand what Technical Analysis means & learn about some of the most common Technical Indicators.
10 min read
Leading & lagging indicators
Understand the difference between Leading & Lagging indicators, what they tell you & common examples of each.
11 min read
Active trading strategies
Understand the common types of active trading strategy. Learn how to structure a potential trade.
8 min read
What are long and short positions in crypto trading?
This article explains the meaning of long and short positions in crypto trading, their benefits and risks as well as potential tax obligations that may arise.
8 min read
What is cryptocurrency value analysis?
Similar to the traditional stock market, the value of a certain cryptocurrency depends on the current supply and demand. There are three main types of cryptocurrency analysis: technical analysis, fundamental analysis and on-chain analysis.
6 min read
What are crypto OTC desks?
Over-the-Counter (OTC) desks refer to platforms within traditional financial markets where institutions or individual traders can trade directly. OTC trading provides liquidity and enables the execution of large trades. Crypto OTC trading markets are professional platforms that deal directly with crypto buyers and sellers. There are two types of crypto OTC desks - principal and agency desks.
7 min read
How do atomic swaps work?
Atomic swaps refer to the process of exchanging one cryptocurrency for another one without the need for an intermediary. They are also known as cross-chain swaps or atomic cross-chain trading. Atomic swaps provide a greater level of decentralisation to crypto exchanges by removing centralised control.
6 min read
What is an OCO order and how does it work?
A One-Cancels-the-Other (OCO) order can be defined as a pair of conditional orders stating that if one order executes, the other shall be automatically cancelled. Traders typically use OCO orders to mitigate risks concerning volatile assets that trade over a wide range of prices.
10 min read
What are crypto futures contracts?
Trading crypto futures, such as Bitcoin and Ether futures, involves entering into agreements to buy or sell these underlying assets at a predetermined price and date. Crypto futures trading has gained significant popularity since investors are finding new ways to gain profits on the evolving crypto market.
7 min read
Inflationary vs Deflationary Tokens: How do they affect the crypto market?
The key difference between inflationary and deflationary token models lies in their supply and utility. Inflationary assets are used for everyday transactions while deflationary assets attract long-term investors. Inflationary and deflationary assets both influence the dynamics of market liquidity and include their unique sets of upper-hands and drawbacks.
8 min read
What is crypto wash trading?
Similar to its traditional wash trading, crypto wash trading happens when a trader sells and then immediately buys the same crypto asset. It represents a type of market manipulation that has the potential to artificially pump prices and mislead investors into believing that the market liquidity of a crypto asset is bigger than it is in reality.
6 min read
Forex vs Crypto Trading: Similarities and Differences
Forex and crypto trading both bring to the table different advantages and risks. Forex trading refers to the trading activities of divergent fiat currencies on the foreign exchange market while crypto trading refers to the buying and selling of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum on the crypto market based on blockchain technology.
8 min read
What is crypto index trading?
A crypto index fund refers to a financial instrument that invests in crypto assets that are listed in a crypto index. The performance of a cryptocurrency index fund mirrors the performance of the crypto index. A crypto index fund equips investors with a diversified portfolio of crypto assets which aids in mitigating risks and balancing the performance of the fund itself.
10 min read
What is a dead cat bounce in crypto trading?
A dead cat bounce is a term that stems from traditional finance and refers to a price chart pattern; it presents the financial activity of a certain asset that goes through a brief price recovery following a long downward trend. The bounceback of the asset in question is again followed by a return to the downward trend. Within the crypto ecosystem, a dead cat bounce can happen when the market is, for example, entering the bear phase.
11 min read
What is a bull flag pattern in crypto trading?
Bull flag patterns refer to technical chart patterns used by traders to signal when the market is likely to rally further. They typically appear when prices go through a short-term corrective phase followed by a broader uptrend which indicates that the asset’s price is likely to rise in price.
10 min read
What are inverse futures contracts in crypto?
In contrast to regular futures contracts which are usually settled in U.S. dollars, a fiat currency, inverse futures contracts are settled in cryptocurrency. The seller benefits from the price decline.
10 min read
How to read crypto trading charts & patterns
Learn how to read crypto price charts & interpret common patterns.
12 min read
Trading with Leverage
Understand what trading with leverage means & why it should only be considered by experienced traders.
7 min read
What is High Frequency Trading (HFT) in Crypto?
High Frequency Trading (HFT) refers to a trading method that uses computer programs to conduct a broad number of orders in just fractions of seconds. HFT emerged from traditional finance and made its way into the crypto market due to technological advancements and price fluctuations.
Explore theme

How to earn crypto

Want to know how to earn crypto? Learn how the crypto economy uses incentives to grow adoption, and how to trade-off risk vs reward.

9 min read
Earning crypto - risk vs reward
Learn how the crypto economy works, the different types of earning opportunities & how to decide which is right for you but measuring risk vs reward.
8 min read
Faucets & the free crypto myth
Learn what a bitcoin faucet is, their history, how bitcoin faucet's work & why crypto is never really free.
9 min read
Learning & earning
How you can earn crypto through watching educational videos? Why crypto uses the 'learn & earn' model.
9 min read
Earning by promoting crypto
Learn how crypto has its own gig economy. An introduction to referral, bounty & affiliate schemes.
8 min read
Working for crypto
Discover the opportunities to earn crypto from micro-tasking, freelance & full time employment. What skills are in demand.
10 min read
Stacking Sats: DCA & hodling
How to earn crypto from prudent investment strategies. Learn what the term stacking sats mean, how to dollar cost average and the meaning of hodl.
10 min read
Earning passive interest
Learn how you can earn interest on your crypto. Understand the difference between CEFI & DEFI.
10 min read
Earning from owning
How just by being a crypto user you unlock earning opportunities. Introducing the concept of the Airdrop.
9 min read
ICOs & early stage investment
What is an ICO, how they work & have evolved? What are the other ways to invest in crypto start-ups.
11 min read
Earning from DEFI
What exactly is DEFI, what are the opportunities to earn crypto & what are the risks?
8 min read
What is Staking? Earning Rewards and Minimising Risks of Staking
Learn about how people are earning rewards from staking cryptocurrency, its role in securing blockchains, and the risks associated with staking.
9 min read
What Are the Best Crypto Staking Sites? A Comparison of 6 Popular Places to Stake Your Crypto
Learn about how staking crypto at exchanges is easier than direct crypto staking and 6 popular exchanges where you can stake crypto assets.
0 min read
What Is a Liquidity Provider in Cryptocurrency?
Learn about how Liquidity Providers provide digital assets to DEXs allow people to trade without an intermediary as a way to earn passive income. Discover how this works, the risks associated, and some popular DEXs for Liquidity Providers
10 min read
Unwrapping NFTs
What is an NFT, how do they work & do they represent a good opportunity to earn crypto?
9 min read
Earning from Trading
Understand what is involved in trading cryptocurrency. Different strategies & the associated risks.
12 min read
How to earn from Contango
How to earn a premium on bitcoin from hedging spot prices against futures.
7 min read
What are the risks of DEFI?
DEFI makes financial services easy to access than ever before. but what the drawbacks?
6 min read
What is a flash loan?
10 min read
What is DeFi 2.0?
DeFi 2.0 refers to a new movement within the crypto space that includes DeFi protocols built on the efforts on the first generation of DeFi. DeFi 2.0 aims to fix several important aspects of DeFi such as scalability, liquidity, security, governance and user experience.
8 min read
What is a Liquid Staking Token (LST)?
Liquid Staking Tokens (LSTs) resolved the liquidity issue. A Liquid Staking Token (LST) refers to a tokenised representation of staked assets. Liquid Staking Tokens (LSTs) get issued to stakers when they participate in a liquidity pool, and they include a direct value correlation with the tokens staked. Liquid Staking Tokens can be purchased, sold or used in other DeFi protocols.
7 min read
What is DEFI automated borrowing & lending?
Learn about how people are using decentralised finance or DEFI to automate borrowing crypto at attractive rates or to lend crypto for interest.
11 min read
Earning from mining crypto
How crypto mining works, the rewards & restrictions. Is DIY mining a viable option? What are the alternatives.
8 min read
What is Yield Farming?
What opportunities within DEFI does Yield Farming provide for generating a return on cryptocurrency investments?
16 min read
What is Maximal Extractable Value? MEV Explained
Also known as Miner Extractable Value, MEV presents a measure of the profit a miner (or validator) can make through its ability to include, exclude, or re-order transactions within the blocks.
Explore theme

How to build crypto

Want to know how crypto is built. Learn Crypto walks you through the architecture of Bitcoin & Ethereum, explaining the opportunities to build on both.

10 min read
What is Bitcoin's architecture?
Understand Bitcoin's architecture as a monetary system and how it compares to fiat money. Learn its core functions, such as money creation and the role of different participants.
8 min read
What role does a Bitcoin Miner play
Learn the role that a Bitcoin Miner plays in ensuring that the decentralised monetary system works and how you can participate in Bitcoin mining.
10 min read
What is Ethereum's architecture?
Learn the architecture of the Ethereum network, how it differs from Bitcoin, and why it is often described as the 'world's computer'.
8 min read
What role does a Bitcoin Full Node play
Learn the role that a Bitcoin Full Node plays in ensuring that the decentralised monetary system works and how you can run a Full Node.
10 min read
What is ERC-6551? One barrier less to enter Web3
The ERC-6551 token standard proposed a new way of handling NFTs through token-bound accounts. It stems from an Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP) created back in February 2023.
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